Noble gases in periodic table, namely helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe) and radioactive radon (Rn). The six noble gas elements were discovered between 1894 and 1900. The main credit for the discovery of the rare gases goes to the British chemist Ramsay W (1852-1916). More than two hundred years ago, it was already known that in addition to a small amount of water vapor and carbon dioxide, the rest of the air was oxygen and nitrogen. 1785, the British scientist Cavendish found in an experiment that after removing the oxygen and nitrogen from the air that did not contain water vapor and carbon dioxide, a very small amount of residual gases still existed. This phenomenon did not attract the attention of chemists at that time. More than one hundred years later, when British physicist Rayleigh measured the density of nitrogen, he found that the mass of nitrogen separated from air was 1.2572 grams per liter, while the mass of nitrogen produced from nitrogen-containing substances was 1.2505 grams per liter. After several determinations, the difference in mass remained a few milligrams. It is remarkable that Rayleigh did not overlook this small difference, and he suspected that the nitrogen separated from the air contained heavier gases which had not been discovered. So he consulted Cavendish’s past writings and redid his experiments, and in 1894, after removing the oxygen and nitrogen from the air, he obtained very small quantities of very inactive gases. At the same time, Ramsay, an English chemist and friend of Reilly, obtained such a gas from the air by other methods. After analysis, the gas was judged to be a new substance. Since the gas was extremely inactive, it was named argon (Latin for “lazy”). In the following years, Ramsay and others discovered helium, neon (the original meaning of the name is “new”), krypton (the original meaning of the name is “hidden”) and xenon (the original meaning of the name is “strange”) from the air. (the original meaning of the name is “strange”). Radon is a rare gas with natural radioactivity, which is a product of the metamorphosis of the radioactive elements radium, thorium and actinium. Therefore, radon can only be discovered after the discovery of these elements. In 1899, the British physicists Owens R B and Rutherford E (1871-1937) discovered thorium ejection gas, i.e. radon-220, when they studied the radioactivity of thorium. 1900, the German Dorn F E discovered radium ejection gas, i.e. radon-222, when he studied the radioactivity of radium. 1902, the German Giesel ( Giesel F O, 1852-1927) discovered actinium jet gas, radon-219, in actinium compounds. it was not until 1908 that Lemsey determined that radium jet gas was a new element, a chemically inert rare gas element like the other rare gases that had been discovered. The other two types of radon are its isotopes. 1923 International Chemical Conference named this new element radon, which is phonetically translated as radon in Chinese, with the chemical symbol Rn.
Noble gases, also known as rare gases, contain less than one percent of the total amount of the atmosphere, and are colorless, odorless, monoatomic gases that are difficult to chemically react with at room temperature and pressure. Utilizing their characteristics of not easy to chemical reaction, rare gases, in addition to being used as protective gases, are widely used in industry, medicine, cutting-edge science and technology as well as in daily life.
Helium is known as the least reactive element and normally exists in the form of a gas, a colorless, odorless gas. Helium is extremely difficult to liquefy as a gas and is a substance that is impossible to solidify at standard atmospheric pressure. However, because of its special physical properties, liquid helium has been used as a coolant in many industries. Helium has a wide range of uses, not only for ultra-low temperature research, but also for gas phase analysis, welding, leak detection, chemical vapor deposition, crystal growth, plasma dry engraving, special mixtures, etc. It is used as a filler for standard gas, equilibrium gas, medical gas, balloons, electronic tubes, diving suits and so on. Cryogenic superconductivity technology is widely used in many fields, such as magnetic levitation trains in the transportation industry and MRI equipment in the medical field, all of which require liquid helium.
Neon is a rare gas, a gaseous inert gas at room temperature, non-combustible, non-flammable and very inactive. Neon is widely used in many fields such as smelting, chemical industry, electronics, machinery manufacturing, photovoltaics, LEDs, semiconductors, scientific research and so on. Because neon is chemically inert and has a high latent heat of evaporation, it is often used as a safe coolant for experiments within 25-40K instead of hydrogen. When applying neon as a refrigerant, utilizing the latent heat of fusion of solid neon can increase the effective cooling capacity of neon by 20%. Neon as a medium made of closed-cycle micro-cooler, can be used in infrared detectors for missiles. Liquid neon is often used in bubble chambers for high-energy particle detection and research. With the continuous development of science and technology, liquid neon will be increasingly valued as a low-temperature coolant at 25-40K. In addition, since the thermal noise in many electronic devices is reduced at low temperatures, many radio, infrared, and other radiation-detection instruments can be cooled using neon circulation to increase their sensitivity.
Krypton is a colorless, odorless, tasteless inert gas, about two times heavier than air, very inactive, can not be burned or flammable. The content of krypton gas in the air is very small, each cubic meter of air contains only 1.14 ml of krypton gas. krypton gas has an important application in the electric light source, it can be filled with high-level electronic tubes, laboratory continuous ultraviolet lamps. Krypton gas lamps not only save electricity, long life, high luminous rate, small size, it is also an important light source in the mine. Not only that, krypton gas can also be made into atomic lamps that do not require electricity. Because of krypton gas lamp transmittance is very high, can also be used as a cross-country combat vehicles in the field of irradiation lamps, aircraft runway lamps and so on. Krypton gas is also commonly used in high-pressure mercury lamps, sodium lamps, flash lamps, voltage tubes and so on. Krypton is also widely used in medical and scientific research. The radioactive isotope of krypton can be used as a tracer in medical applications. Krypton gas can be used in gas lasers and plasma streams, and can also be used to fill free chambers to measure height rays and as a shading material for X-ray work.
Xenon is a colorless, odorless and non-toxic gas at room temperature and pressure. The air contains about 90 ppm of xenon. it does not burn. Xenon is valued in medicine as an anesthetic. Xenon can dissolve in cytoplasmic oils, causing anesthesia and swelling of cells, thus temporarily stopping the action of nerve endings. Gas mixtures consisting of 80% xenon and 20% oxygen have been tried as an anesthetic without side effects. Xenon also has a high degree of ultraviolet radiation and can be used in medical technology. In the atomic energy industry, xenon can be used to test for the presence of high-speed particles, gamma particles, mesons, and so on. Xenon can be used in the space and satellite industries to fuel ion engines and ion plasma thrusters for satellite launches. Because of its heavy weight and density, weighing about 4.5 times that of air, xenon is used primarily as orbital position holding and maneuver control for satellites. The newest use of xenon is in the electronic chip manufacturing industry, and is the most important reason for the current growth in demand and speculative trading in xenon, with several large chip manufacturers using xenon plasma etching, primarily for the manufacture of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS).
The high purity electronic special gas project cooperated by Fullcryo and Haoyuan Group has independently developed the electronic special gas separation technology of the basic ultra-low temperature refrigerator, and the overall skid installation design of the equipment. The purity of neon, helium, krypt-xenon products can reach more than 99.9995%, and the extraction rate is more than 90%. The project has been successfully put into operation and operated stably. We are a supplier not only providing advanced cryogenic equipment for separation and purification of rare gases (ammonia, neon, krypton, xenon), but also providing rare gases directly, if you have any question or want to learn more information about it, please call me to make an appointment. With a steadfast focus on quality and a passion for technological progress, Fullcryo continue to redefine standards, fostering growth and prosperity across numerous industries. If you need a steady gas supply of high-quality products, you’re in the right place. Contact us today to learn what our gas and supply solutions can do for your business.
