High purity electronic special gas supply

Silane is a colorless, air-reactive, asphyxiating gas. The gas will usually burn in contact with air and emit thick white amorphous silica fumes. Its primary health hazard is its spontaneous flame, which can cause severe thermal burns, which can be fatal if severe. If the flame or high temperature acts on a part of the silane cylinder, the cylinder will explode before the safety valve is activated. If the pressure is too high or the speed is too fast when releasing silane, it will cause a delayed explosion. Leaking silane is very dangerous if it does not spontaneously ignite. Do not approach. Personnel dealing with emergencies must have personal protective equipment and fire protection suitable for the situation. Do not try to extinguish the fire before cutting off the gas source. Silane gas is colorless, highly toxic, flammable gas with a disgusting garlic smell.

Silane gas uses: raw materials for epitaxial growth of silicon, polysilicon, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, etc., solar cells, optical fibers, colored glass manufacturing, chemical vapor deposition. Zhongxin Ruiyuan Gas supplies high-purity silane gas, and the silane price is the most realistic on the Internet! Silane gas is used in integrated circuit manufacturing, solar cells, coated reflective glass, etc.

Nitrous oxide, a colorless, sweet-smelling gas, also known as laughing gas, is an oxidant with the chemical formula N2O. It can support combustion under certain conditions, but is stable at room temperature and has a slight anesthetic effect. Nitrous oxide is soluble in water, ethanol, ether and concentrated sulfuric acid. It can also be used as an oxidant in rockets and racing cars, as well as to increase engine output. It should be noted that nitrous oxide is a powerful greenhouse gas, 296 times more effective than carbon dioxide.
Laughing gas, also known as nitrous oxide, is a slightly sweet, colorless, odorless anesthetic gas at room temperature and pressure, and is also colorless after liquefaction. The physical properties are very similar to CO2. Liquid nitrous oxide has a saturated vapor pressure of about 5MPa at 20°C, and can become solid dry ice when nitrous oxide is sprayed from a nozzle and adiabatically cooled. Nitrous oxide is relatively stable at room temperature, but begins to decompose when heated above 300°C, decomposes significantly at 500°C, and completely decomposes into nitrogen and oxygen at 900°C. It does not burn in the air, but can help combustion. Nitrous oxide is relatively stable. It does not react with water, acid and alkaline solutions. It does not generate dangerous nitrogen dioxide when mixed with oxygen. It does not react with O2, O3, H2, halogens, alkali metals, PH3, H2S, and aqua regia. It is a strong oxidant at high temperatures. It reacts violently with metals, carbon, and sulfur. It reacts with alkali metals at their boiling points to generate their nitrites. It forms explosive gases with combustible gases. When a mixture of hydrogen, ammonia, carbon monoxide and other certain flammable substances and nitrous oxide is heated, it can explode. It can oxidize organic matter at temperatures above 300°C. The solubility of nitrous oxide at 0°C and 101.325kPa is: water -67.5ml/100ml, methanol -332ml/100ml, ethanol -299ml/100ml, acetone -603ml/100ml.

Application of laughing gas
1. Aerospace and military
“Laughing gas/alcohol dual agent” is an excellent rocket propellant, and its performance is far superior to that of “liquid hydrogen/liquid oxygen dual agent”. The research and development boom of this topic is just beginning in China’s aerospace industry, and internationally has been actually put into use.
2. Automobile industry
During World War II, Germany produced large quantities of laughing gas as an auxiliary agent to solve the fuel shortage.
In a car rally, in order to compete for first place, contestants must inject laughing gas into the cylinder to help increase speed.
Laughing gas can also be dissolved in gasoline and diesel to increase the calorific value and achieve full combustion to make the exhaust gas clean, energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
3. Electronic technology
The modernization of a country is reflected in whether it has an advanced and powerful electronics industry. The foundation of the electronics industry lies in the quantity and supply capacity of localized high-quality electronic gases. High-purity laughing gas is one of the indispensable key raw materials for my country’s electronics industry and is widely used in the production of integrated circuit devices, IC cards, LED, LCD, microelectronics, photovoltaics and other industries.
Laughing gas can also replace ammonia to produce “silicon nitride”, which is safe, energy-saving and reduces production costs.
4. Medical and health care
Since humans discovered chloroform, ether and laughing gas in the same year in the 18th century, the earliest application was a painless dental surgery – tooth extraction!
Using laughing gas as an anesthetic to perform general surgical anesthesia is safe, simple, and cheap. It will not cause damage to organs and tissues and has no sequelae. It can also be mixed with oxygen to form “Antola” gas, which is used for delivery, abortion, and intraperitoneal surgery. Analgesia for microscopy and late-stage cancer. Prompt analgesia for the wounded during wars, traffic accidents, fires, mining disasters, earthquakes and other major disasters can alleviate pain and reduce mortality.
In addition, laughing gas also has the miraculous effect of detoxification and smoking cessation.
5. Food industry
When making cakes, you can use laughing gas to whip cream flowers, which saves effort and time.
Laughing gas is an excellent food preservative, non-toxic, harmless and pollution-free. Milk with a trace amount of laughing gas dissolved in it can be kept fresh for a long time without refrigeration and maintain excellent quality; an experiment by the Southwest Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences: Ripe bananas kept fresh for 70 days in a laughing gas atmosphere not only have the same quality and taste, but even the appearance and color have not changed A little change, no sign of corruption.

Appearance and properties: colorless and odorless gas.
Molecular weight: 28.01
Melting point (℃): -199.1
Boiling point (℃): -191.4
Relative density (water = 1): 0.79
Relative vapor density (air = 1): 0.97
Saturated vapor pressure (kpa): 309 (-180℃)
Critical temperature (℃): -140.2
Critical pressure (mpa): 3.50
Flash point (℃): <-50
Ignition temperature (℃): 610
Upper explosion limit % (v/v): 74.2
Lower explosion limit % (v/v): 12.5
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, soluble in most organic solvents such as ethanol and benzene.
Main uses: Mainly used in chemical synthesis, such as synthesis of methanol, phosgene, etc., and as a reducing agent for refining metals.

Nitrogen dioxide, with the chemical formula NO2, is a brown-red gas that is toxic and irritating. It dissolves in concentrated nitric acid to form fuming nitric acid. It can be superimposed to form nitrogen tetroxide. It reacts with water to form nitric acid and nitric oxide. It reacts with alkali to form nitrates. It can react violently with many organic compounds.
Nitrogen dioxide plays an important role in the formation of ozone. Human-produced nitrogen dioxide mainly comes from the release of high-temperature combustion processes, such as motor vehicle exhaust and boiler exhaust emissions. Nitrogen dioxide is also one of the causes of acid rain, and the environmental effects it brings are diverse, including: the impact on competition and composition changes between wetland and terrestrial plant species, reduced atmospheric visibility, acidification and eutrophication of surface water (due to the proliferation of algae rich in nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, resulting in hypoxia) and increased toxin content in water bodies that is harmful to fish and other aquatic organisms.
Nitrogen dioxide is used as an oxidant in chemical reactions and rocket fuels, as a catalyst in the production of sulfuric acid by the nitroso process, and can be used to make nitric acid in industry.

Ammonia (English name Ammonia) is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula of NH3 and a molecular weight of 17.031. The density under standard conditions is 0.771g/L and the relative density is 0.5971 (air = 1.00). It is a colorless gas with a strong pungent odor. Ammonia can turn moist red litmus paper blue, can produce a small amount of hydroxide ions in water, and is weakly alkaline. It can be liquefied by pressurizing at room temperature (critical temperature 132.4℃, critical pressure 11.2 MPa, i.e. 112.2 atmospheres), boiling point -33.5℃, and can also be easily solidified into a snow-like solid, melting point -77.75℃, soluble in water, ethanol and ether. It will decompose into nitrogen and hydrogen at high temperature and has a reducing effect. Ammonia can be oxidized to nitric oxide in the presence of a catalyst. Ammonia is often used to make liquid nitrogen, ammonia water, nitric acid, ammonium salts and amines. Ammonia can be directly synthesized from nitrogen and hydrogen. It can burn the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes of the respiratory organs. If people inhale too much, it can cause lung swelling and even death.

Application: Electronic grade high purity ammonia (NH3) is an important gas raw material in the integrated circuit industry, mainly used to manufacture high-quality nitrides. Gallium nitride (GaN) and silicon nitride (Si3N4) are the basic components for manufacturing light-emitting diodes (LED lighting), while the latter are widely used in the manufacture of solar cells (photovoltaic), integrated circuits (IC) and liquid crystal displays (LCD). LED lighting and display panels are the largest customer groups for high purity liquid ammonia, accounting for about 50%-60% of the total market demand for liquid ammonia. Photovoltaic solar silicon wafer manufacturing accounts for 30% of the demand for high purity liquid ammonia. The remaining 10% of users are integrated circuit chip manufacturers. Photovoltaic cell modules are another major user group for electronic grade liquid ammonia. As an important component of renewable energy, solar energy has many advantages and is the main trend of future new energy development, with broad future development space. It is expected that the installed capacity of China’s photovoltaic power stations will grow at an average annual compound rate of more than 15% during 2022-2025. The subsequent demand growth in the photovoltaic industry will be the main driving force for the development of the high purity liquid ammonia market.

Rare gases are indispensable and important materials in the production of electric light sources. Most of the lamps we see are filled with one or more rare gases, usually as luminous substances or as filling gases to extend the life of the lamp.
Rare gases:
Krypton, xenon, neon, helium, argon, radon. Except for radon, which is a radioactive element, other gases are stable inert gases. They are not only used in scientific research, but also widely used in industrial production. They are also important materials in the production of electric light sources.
All types of gas discharge lamps must be filled with various rare gases. In fluorescent lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, and high-pressure sodium lamps, in addition to mercury, a certain amount of argon or krypton must be filled. In cold cathode luminescent signal lamps and neon lamps, argon, neon, helium and other gases are filled. Using transparent glass tubes can produce various color spectra radiated by the corresponding gases.

Argon (Ar) was first used as a filling gas in incandescent lamps. Since it inhibits the evaporation of tungsten and reduces the oxidation of tungsten filaments, the temperature of the filament can be increased, thereby obtaining a higher luminous efficiency and life than vacuum bulbs.
Krypton (Kr) has a higher density and lower thermal conductivity than argon, so filling krypton and xenon gases into incandescent lamps has a better effect. Krypton-xenon mixed gas filling electron tubes and bulbs saves 20% to 25% of electricity compared to argon bulbs of the same power, and the life can be extended by 2 to 3 times, the luminous efficiency can be increased, and the volume can be greatly reduced. Of course, considering the cost, xenon is still rarely used, while krypton has been used in large quantities in high-efficiency, high-quality halogen tungsten lamps. Krypton can be used to fill advanced electron tubes and continuous ultraviolet lamps for laboratories. Krypton lamps have a particularly high transmittance, so they can be used as lights on off-road vehicles in night battles.
Xenon (Xe) has a larger atomic weight than krypton. In addition to being used as a filling gas for high-efficiency halogen lamps, xenon can also be used as a high-pressure sodium lamp, HID car xenon lamp, movie projection lamp, semiconductor photolithography pump xenon lamp, and electronic flash. Xenon lamps also have a high degree of ultraviolet radiation and can be used in medical technology.
Neon (Ne) will emit red light when filled into the lamp tube. In addition to being used as a filling gas for dashboard indicator lights, it has a strong transmission power in the air and can pass through thick fog. Therefore, neon lamps are also often used in airports, ports, and water and land transportation lines. Neon is also used to fill fluorescent lamps, mercury lamps, sodium vapor lamps, and bulbs for voltage protection devices. In recent years, neon has also been used as a filling medium in spark chambers for studying the trajectory of elementary particles.
In addition, various inert gases or mixed gases can be used to discharge and emit light to make neon lamps of various spectra.
Helium-argon mixture
I. Composition and characteristics of helium-argon mixture
Helium (He) is a colorless, tasteless, odorless inert gas with an extremely low boiling point and thermal conductivity. Argon (Ar) is also a colorless, tasteless inert gas with a content of about 0.93% in the air. When these two gases are mixed in a certain proportion, a helium-argon mixture is formed.
This mixture combines the characteristics of helium and argon. For example, helium has good diffusion and strong thermal conductivity; argon performs well in arc stability and protection performance. Therefore, helium-argon mixture is widely used in welding, semiconductor manufacturing, scientific research experiments and other fields.
II. Application of helium-argon mixture in welding
In the field of welding, helium-argon mixture is often used in TIG (tungsten inert gas shielded welding) and MIG (metal inert gas shielded welding) welding processes. Compared with pure argon protection, adding an appropriate amount of helium can significantly increase the temperature and energy density of the welding arc, thereby increasing the welding speed and penetration depth, which is particularly suitable for welding thick plates and high melting point metals such as stainless steel and titanium alloys.
Taking stainless steel welding as an example, the use of helium-argon mixed gas (such as 70%He + 30%Ar) can increase the welding speed by 30% – 50%, while reducing welding defects and improving weld quality. In addition, in aluminum alloy welding, helium-argon mixed gas can also effectively reduce the generation of pores and improve the strength and corrosion resistance of welded joints.
3. Application of helium-argon mixed gas in semiconductor manufacturing
Semiconductor manufacturing is a field with extremely high requirements for process environment, and helium-argon mixed gas also plays an important role here. In the plasma etching process, helium-argon mixed gas can be used as an etching gas to accurately remove the thin film on the surface of semiconductor materials.
For example, in the silicon etching process, by adjusting the proportion and flow rate of helium-argon mixed gas, the etching rate and etching profile can be controlled to achieve high-precision graphic transfer. In addition, during the packaging process of semiconductor chips, helium-argon mixture can also be used for leak detection and atmosphere protection to ensure the quality and reliability of the chip.
4. Application of helium-argon mixture in scientific research
In the field of scientific research, helium-argon mixture is also a commonly used experimental gas. For example, in low-temperature physics experiments, helium-argon mixture can be used as a refrigerant to achieve an ultra-low temperature environment. In material science research, helium-argon mixture can be used in material synthesis and heat treatment processes under atmosphere protection to prevent material oxidation and contamination.
In addition, helium-argon mixture is also widely used in laser technology, spectral analysis and other fields. For example, in helium-neon lasers, helium-argon mixture can be used as a gain medium to produce stable laser output; in atomic absorption spectrometry, helium-argon mixture can be used as a carrier gas to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the analysis.
5. Safe use and storage of helium-argon mixture
Although helium-argon mixture is an inert gas and is not prone to chemical reactions, certain safety specifications must still be followed during use and storage. For example, cylinders storing helium-argon mixed gas should be stored in a well-ventilated place away from fire and heat sources; during use, appropriate protective equipment should be worn, such as protective glasses and gloves; at the same time, cylinders and gas delivery systems should be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure their safety and reliability.
In short, as an important gas mixture, helium-argon mixed gas plays an indispensable role in the fields of industry and scientific research. With the continuous development and progress of technology, it is believed that the application field of helium-argon mixed gas will continue to expand and deepen, bringing more convenience and innovation to human production and life.

Chemical properties: Germanium hydride (Germane), also known as germane, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula GeH4. It is a colorless gas at room temperature and pressure. It is stable at room temperature and begins to decompose at around 280°C. It is almost completely decomposed into elemental Ge and H2 at around 350°C. It can burn in the air, emitting a blue-red flame, but the degree of combustion is not as intense as silane. Mixtures with oxygen or air are explosive. It reacts with alkali metals in liquid ammonia at room temperature to form MGeH3. Germane has strong self-catalytic properties. Once it decomposes to form a metal coating, it will decompose rapidly. Therefore, the surface of materials such as piping must be smooth. It is insoluble in water, but soluble in hypochlorous acid and slightly soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric acid. It can be decomposed by nitric acid. It can be used to produce high-purity germanium.

Application:
Metal germane decomposes into germanium and hydrogen at higher temperatures. This thermal instability is used in the semiconductor industry, namely metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOVPE). Due to the high toxicity of germane, some organic germanium compounds (such as isobutyl germanium) can replace germane and be used in MOVPE.

Used to produce high-purity germanium
As one of the important sources of high-purity elemental germanium, germane is mainly used in semiconductors, infrared technology, etc. The use of germane to prepare elemental germanium has the following advantages: the decomposition of germane is carried out at a lower temperature, and has high production capacity and high yield. The original compound and the reaction product have a smaller reaction capacity and do not require additional reagents.
Before the 1960s, germanium had been widely used as an important semiconductor material. More than 95% of germanium was used to manufacture semiconductor devices. Later, due to the rise of silicon materials, the use of germanium in the semiconductor field plummeted. However, germanium devices have advantages that other devices cannot match. Germanium has very small saturation resistance, almost no heat radiation, and extremely low power consumption. Infrared optics is one of the fields that consume the most germanium. The United States and Japan have always used germane as a strategic reserve material for military purposes. In addition, germanium still maintains a certain consumption in the fields of optical fiber, catalyst, medicine, food, etc., and is also used in resistance thermometers, etc. Therefore, even if silicon materials are widely used, the production of germanium is essential, and the decomposition method of germane is one of the best methods to produce high-purity germanium.

Used in solar cells
Germane is mainly used in the metal organic compound vapor deposition (MOCVD) process in the electronics industry. As an important precursor gas for solar cells, germane is mainly used to make amorphous silicon germanium alloys with medium band gaps containing germanium to absorb green light, and amorphous silicon germanium alloys with narrow band gaps containing higher germanium to absorb red light. After the germanium element is added to amorphous silicon or microcrystalline silicon thin film materials, the silicon germanium thin film material can greatly adjust the material to move in the direction of narrow band gap, thereby improving the spectral response range of silicon-based thin film solar cells and the light absorption efficiency of solar cells, and ultimately improving the conversion efficiency of silicon-based thin film solar cells.

Used in diode transistors
Germane is used as a precursor for silicon-germanium (Si-Ge) film. It is mainly used to manufacture electronic devices, such as integrated circuits, optoelectronic devices, and especially to prepare heterojunction diode transistors. In heterojunction diode transistors (HBT), a thin silicon germanium layer is grown on a silicon wafer as the substrate of the diode transistor. Compared with traditional silicon diode transistors, silicon-germanium HBT has obvious advantages in speed, response frequency and gain. Its speed and frequency response can be compared with the more expensive gallium-arsenic HBT.

Other uses
Germane is also used in epitaxial processes in the production of semiconductor components for CMOS (photosensitive components of digital camera equipment) above 90nm, wireless networks, and 3G communication equipment. In addition, germane is also wid

Fluorinated liquid was originally a circuit board cleaning liquid. Its insulating and non-flammable inert characteristics are used in data center liquid cooling and it is the most widely used immersion coolant. Among the common coolants, such as water, mineral oil and fluorinated liquid, it is the most expensive of the three coolants and is often used in equipment with high heat dissipation requirements.
Fluorinated liquid is used in the electronics industry to clean circuit boards because of its insulating and non-flammable inert characteristics. In the IT industry, it is used as a coolant for liquid cooling technology in data centers.